ArticlePloS one2026
Generation of osteoclast-like cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using NFATc1 modified RNA.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inhibition of osteoclasts, a type of bone-resorptive cell, is a key approach for treating diseases associated with bone loss. Although human osteoclasts can be generated from receptor activator of nuclear factor-ĸB ligand-mediated stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro, the differentiation rate is low and the process is time consuming. Here, we aimed to generate osteoclast-like cells from human PBMCs using modified RNA (modRNA) enforcing NFATc1, a master transcription factor that functions downstream of receptor activator of nuclear factor-ĸB receptor activation. Human PBMCs isolated from the venous blood of healthy donors (n = 3) using Histopaque density gradient centrifugation were expanded in medium supplemented with 25 ng/mL macrophage colony-stimulating factor for 3 days. The isolated macrophages were transfected with NFATc1 modRNA. The osteoclast-like cells were evaluated for the following osteoclast-specific markers: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive expression, F-actin ring formation, cathepsin expression, and bone resorption activity. Scanning electron microscopy was used to morphologically characterize the osteoclast-like cells. At day 1 posttransfection with 25, 50, and 100 ng/mL of modRNA, NFATc1 expression in human macrophages increased by 1.20 ± 0.08-fold, 3.47 ± 1.02-fold, and 13.31 ± 3.96-fold, respectively. Transfection with 25 or 50 ng/mL of NFATc1 modRNA for 3 days induced the formation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells, the F-actin ring formation, expression of cathepsin K, and increased bone resorption activity. Scanning electron micrographs confirmed the presence of round, multinucleated cells with projecting microvilli, characteristic of osteoclasts. In conclusion, rapid generation of functional osteoclast-like cells was achieved in vitro using NFATc1 modRNA. This method offers faster results compared with conventional receptor activator of nuclear factor-ĸB ligand stimulation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.