Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41670723›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2026

Nationwide analysis of minimally invasive surgical approach in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma.

Melissa Daniel, Ali Esparham, Stephanie Garcia, Timothy Hardaway, Michael Charles, Stacey Kubovec, Geoffrey Chow, Zhamak Khorgami

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Melissa DanielDepartment of Surgery, University of Oklahoma College of Community Medicine, 4444 41stSt, Suite #1700, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA.
Ali EsparhamMashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
Stephanie GarciaDepartment of Surgery, University of Oklahoma College of Community Medicine, 4444 41stSt, Suite #1700, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA.
Timothy HardawayDepartment of Surgery, University of Oklahoma College of Community Medicine, 4444 41stSt, Suite #1700, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA.
Michael CharlesTrauma Center, Ascension St. John Medical Center, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Stacey KubovecDepartment of Surgery, University of Oklahoma College of Community Medicine, 4444 41stSt, Suite #1700, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA.
Geoffrey ChowDepartment of Surgery, University of Oklahoma College of Community Medicine, 4444 41stSt, Suite #1700, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA.
Zhamak KhorgamiDepartment of Surgery, University of Oklahoma College of Community Medicine, 4444 41stSt, Suite #1700, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA. zhamak-khorgami@ou.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6144-691X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionExploratory laparotomy has been the main method for surgical interventions in penetrating abdominal trauma (PAT). Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been utilized in the treatment of selected trauma patients as an alternative to laparotomy. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of MIS and open approaches in patients with PAT.

methodsPatients who underwent surgical treatment for PAT were included in this study using the National Inpatient Sample 2016-2020. Patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy or other laparoscopic or robotic procedures during admission were categorized as MIS.

resultsA total of 94,280 patients with PAT were analyzed (open: 82,745 (87.8%), MIS: 8,630 (9.2%), and conversion to open: 2,905 (3.1%)). The trend of using a MIS approach remained stable between 2016 and 2020 (8.6-9.7%). Independent predictors of using MIS were younger age, female gender, higher median income of residence area, and urban nonteaching hospitals. Independent factors associated with less MIS intervention were Midwest and South locations, Black race, firearm mechanism, and a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score or Injury Severity Score. MIS approach had significantly lower hospitalization cost median and interquartile range ($16,822 [11,764-26,489] vs $32,913 [20,270-63,016]) and shorter length of stay (4 [2-7] vs 8 [5-14] days) compared to open approach. The complication rate was lower in the MIS group.

conclusionThe MIS approach is utilized in a subgroup of patients with PAT with acceptable outcomes, shorter length of stay, and reduced costs. Further research is needed to develop strategies to increase the utilization of MIS in the management of patients with trauma.

Indexed as

Abdominal InjuriesLaparoscopyMinimally Invasive Surgical ProceduresWounds, PenetratingAdultConversion to Open SurgeryFemaleHumansInjury Severity ScoreLaparotomyLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRobotic Surgical ProceduresUnited StatesAbdomenLaparoscopicMinimally invasive surgeryPenetrating trauma

Identifiers

PMID41670723

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.