Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41669833›Full record

ArticleACS applied bio materials2026

Polypyrrole-Coated Microneedle Platform for Offline Electrochemical Detection of Interferon-Alpha in Interstitial Fluid.

Ana Carola Delavia Reis, Ana Cristina Honorato de Castro-Kochi, Jose Eduardo Ulloa Rojas, Dylan A Chiaro, Suchismita Guha, Gavin M King, Vivian L de Oliveira, Daniele Ribeiro de Araujo, Giovana Radomille Tofoli, Mariano Romero and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ACS applied bio materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Ana Carola Delavia ReisCenter for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0009-3301-6213
Ana Cristina Honorato de Castro-KochiCenter for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil.
Jose Eduardo Ulloa RojasCenter for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-4517-6566
Dylan A ChiaroDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 6521, United States.
Suchismita GuhaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 6521, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6269-2298
Gavin M KingDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 6521, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5811-7012
Vivian L de OliveiraLaboratory of Immunology, INCOR, HCFMUSP Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-2523-0374
Daniele Ribeiro de AraujoDepartment of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil.
Giovana Radomille TofoliSao Leopoldo Mandic Faculty, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas, São Paulo 01332-000, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-6403-7708
Mariano RomeroFaculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay.ORCID 0000-0002-3529-2598
Dominique MombrúFaculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay.
Wendel A AlvesCenter for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-8394-2751

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Monitoring cytokines, such as interferon-alpha (IFN-α), is essential for assessing immune responses during viral infections and in immunotherapies. Here, we report the development of a microneedle-based electrochemical biosensor for detecting IFN-α in interstitial fluid (ISF), which combines minimally invasive sampling with label-free, offline analysis. The device comprises polycaprolactone (PCL) microneedles fabricated via 3D-printed molds and thermocompression, coated with polypyrrole (PPy) to enable conductivity and biomolecule immobilization. A range of PPy concentrations (10-200 mmol·L

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesCoated Materials, BiocompatibleElectrochemical TechniquesExtracellular FluidInterferon-alphaPolymersPyrrolesAnimalsHumansMaterials TestingNeedlesParticle SizeCoated Materials, BiocompatibleInterferon-alphaPolymerspolypyrrolePyrrolescytokine detectionelectrochemical biosensorinterferon-alphainterstitial fluidmicroneedle arrayspoint-of-care diagnosticspolypyrrole

Identifiers

PMID41669833
PMCPMC12958329

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.