ArticlePeerJ2026
Localized low muscle mass is associated with hand dysfunction beyond inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study.
Article in PeerJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: While systemic muscle loss is associated with physical dysfunction, the role of localized upper extremities muscle deterioration in hand disability remains unclear in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to explore the impact of low muscle mass in upper extremities on hand dysfunction in patients with RA. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a Chinese RA population and control subjects. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Hand function assessment included handgrip strength and hand disability according to the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Muscle mass was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis and muscle mass index of upper extremities (MMI Results: A total of 1,104 RA patients and 3,281 control subjects were included in this study. RA patients exhibited lower MMI Conclusions: The present cross-sectional study demonstrates that localized low muscle mass of the upper extremities is associated with hand dysfunction in RA, independent of inflammation. These findings support the need for further longitudinal studies to explore the potential benefits of incorporating routine muscle assessments into RA care.
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