Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41669501›Full record

ArticleBeilstein journal of nanotechnology2026

Comparative study on 3D morphologies of delignified, single tracheids and fibers of five wood species.

Helen Gorges, Felicitas von Usslar, Cordt Zollfrank, Silja Flenner, Imke Greving, Martin Müller, Clemens F Schaber, Chuchu Li, Stanislav N Gorb

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Beilstein journal of nanotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Helen GorgesDepartment of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3600-7673
Felicitas von UsslarTUM Campus for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Straubing, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5260-4549
Cordt ZollfrankTUM Campus for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Straubing, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-4161
Silja FlennerHelmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany.
Imke GrevingHelmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany.
Martin MüllerHelmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany.
Clemens F SchaberDepartment of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7475-8899
Chuchu LiDepartment of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5524-828X
Stanislav N GorbDepartment of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9712-7953

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Wood tracheids and fibers exhibit diverse structures and shapes across plant species. The hierarchical structure and composition of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin enables wood to withstand high stress. This structural resilience makes wood a versatile material for applications ranging from construction to advanced composites. However, a detailed understanding of how delignification affects softwood tracheid and hardwood fiber morphology is crucial for predicting material behavior and developing modified wood products. This study investigated the overall structural changes due to delignification, in five wood species, namely, spruce, beech, balsa, Douglas fir, and poplar. It additionally provides detailed morphology of delignified single tracheids and fibers. Scanning electron microscopy was used to compare the morphology between untreated and delignified fibers and tracheids. X-ray tomography enabled us to reconstruct high-resolution 3D models of delignified single tracheids or fibers, providing information on the pit arrangements. Moreover, delignification resulted in facilitated separation of fibers and tracheids and frayed wall appearance. We observed similar tracheid/fiber diameters and wall thicknesses for all five wood species. These findings enhance our understanding of the wood fiber and tracheid structures across species and the effects of delignification. The 3D models provide a valuable resource for (1) understanding interspecies differences of fibers and tracheids, (2) optimizing the use of delignified wood in industrial applications (including bio-based and bio-inspired materials), and (3) physical modeling of wood regarding questions of wood biomechanics and water management.

Indexed as

3D modelsdelignificationtracheidwoodX-ray nanotomography

Identifiers

PMID41669501
PMCPMC12884549

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.