Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41669185›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026

Characterizing cognitive workload during simulated surface extravehicular activity with integrated virtual reality.

Steven R Anderson, Crystal Kirkley, Alex J Baughman, Caleb Cram, Eryn Andrews, Kyoung Jae Kim, Rebecca DiDomenica, Morgan Stosic, Bradley Hoffmann, Patrick Estep and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Steven R AndersonBehavioral Health and Performance Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, KBR, Inc., Houston, TX, United States.
Crystal KirkleyFatigue Countermeasures Laboratory, Human Systems Integration Division, NASA Ames Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Mountain View, CA, United States.
Alex J BaughmanEVA and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, GeoControl Systems, Houston, TX, United States.
Caleb CramEVA and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, Aegis Aerospace, Houston, TX, United States.
Eryn AndrewsEVA and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, KBR, Inc., Houston, TX, United States.
Kyoung Jae KimEVA and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, KBR, Inc., Houston, TX, United States.
Rebecca DiDomenicaBehavioral Health and Performance Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, JES Tech, Houston, TX, United States.
Morgan StosicBehavioral Health and Performance Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, KBR, Inc., Houston, TX, United States.
Bradley HoffmannEVA and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, KBR, Inc., Houston, TX, United States.
Patrick EstepEVA and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, GeoControl Systems, Houston, TX, United States.
Suzanne T BellBehavioral Health and Performance Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Houston, TX, United States.
Karina Marshall-GoebelEVA and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Houston, TX, United States.
Daniel M BucklandDepartment of Emergency Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: High cognitive workload presents an important risk to crew safety during surface exploration extravehicular activity (EVA). However, it remains difficult to draw conclusions about the precise EVA task characteristics that are associated with increases in cognitive workload, or their relationship to performance. Methods: In the present study, we examined how experimentally manipulating cognitive workload during a surface EVA task was related to subjective cognitive workload assessments, physiological responding, and EVA performance outcomes. Participants (N = 14) completed surface EVA simulations using a virtual reality and integrated treadmill setup in an extended reality exploration surface analog. Results: Experimentally manipulating the difficulty of geological sample identification was associated with increased subjective cognitive workload, decreased cognitive performance, altered physiological responding, and decreased performance on key EVA tasks. Results demonstrate evidence for a relationship between the cognitive demands of a surface EVA task and the subjective and physiological correlates of cognitive workload and cognitive performance, as well as decrements in EVA task performance due to increased cognitive demand. Discussion: Cognitive workload during surface exploration EVA may be an important consideration for EVA scheduling and monitoring during critical mission tasks on the Moon and Mars.

Indexed as

cognitive workloadhuman spaceflightsurface extravehicular activitytask performancevirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID41669185
PMCPMC12883836

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.