Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41668970›Full record

ReviewEnergy & fuels : an American Chemical Society journal2026

Advances in the Application of Low-Cost, Natural Materials, and Waste-Derived Catalysts for Catalytic Upgrading of Plastic and Biomass Pyrolysis Oil.

John Hughes, Abarasi Hart, Bikashbindu Das, Joseph Wood

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Energy & fuels : an American Chemical Society journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

John HughesSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
Abarasi HartSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
Bikashbindu DasDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur 302017, India.
Joseph WoodSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2040-5497

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unprecedented levels of population growth, urbanization, and industrialization have occurred in the 21st century, and with them has come an increase in demand for energy as well as a rise in the production of solid and plastic wastes. Heterogeneous catalysts designed from abundant and readily available solid waste provide a sustainable recycling strategy for industrial-scale applications. Nonetheless, the impact of purification techniques and raw material compositions may aid in tailoring the development of a robust catalyst for specific applications. Waste-derived catalysts have demonstrated capability in biofuel refining applications such as biodiesel synthesis, pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, and waste plastic into oils. The first part of this review focuses on metal oxides that make different solid wastes viable for catalyst design and development, and the second and third parts cover the application of waste-derived catalysts in the catalytic upgrading of waste plastic and lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis oils into fuels. For the industrial scalability of these waste-derived catalysts, their activity, stability, reusability, and regenerability in the context of upgrading oils derived from the pyrolysis of biomass and waste plastics were critically evaluated. Waste-derived heterogeneous catalysts were found to perform comparably to conventional industrial catalysts such as zeolite-based and hydrotreating (e.g., Ni-Mo/Al

Identifiers

PMID41668970
PMCPMC12884476

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.