Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41668674›Full record

ReviewMovement disorders clinical practice2026

Resolution of Levodopa/Dopa-Decarboxylase Inhibitor-Associated Microscopic Colitis with Subcutaneous Foslevodopa/Foscarbidopa: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Romana Hintner, Franziska Eberhardt, Manuela Kofler, Andreas Eigentler, Atbin Djamshidian, Florian Krismer, Anton Hittmair, Heinz Zoller, Valentina Ellinger, Beatrice Heim and 1 more

Abstract readCase ReportsReview
In one paragraph

Review in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Romana HintnerDepartment of Neurology, District Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria.
Franziska EberhardtDepartment of Neurology, District Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria.
Manuela KoflerDepartment of Neurology, District Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria.
Andreas EigentlerDepartment of Neurology, District Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria.
Atbin DjamshidianDepartment of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Florian KrismerDepartment of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Anton HittmairInstitute of Pathology and Microbiology, Kardinal Schwarzenberg Hospital, Schwarzach im Pongau, Austria.
Heinz ZollerDepartment of Medicine I, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron and Phosphate Biology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Valentina EllingerDepartment of Neurology, District Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria.
Beatrice HeimDepartment of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Klaus SeppiDepartment of Neurology, District Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMicroscopic colitis (MC) typically presents with chronic, non-bloody watery diarrhea. Diagnosis requires endoscopy with colonic mucosal biopsies. The etiology is multifactorial, with several medications implicated, although only a few cases have been attributed to oral levodopa/dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor (LDDCI) therapy. CASES: We present two people with Parkinson's disease (PD; PwP) who developed MC on LDDCI therapy. Symptoms of MC resolved following the transition from oral LDDCI therapy to continuous subcutaneous foslevodopa/foscarbidopa infusion (CSFLI). LITERATURE REVIEW: A review of the literature identified 21 reported cases of parkinsonism patients who developed MC during LDDCI therapy across three articles. Diarrheal symptoms improved after treatment modification, either by switching the LDDCI formulation or by discontinuing the therapy.

conclusionIn PwP presenting with LDDCI-associated MC, CSFLI represents an effective alternative that maintains dopaminergic efficacy while bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. Early recognition and timely switching to parenteral levodopa formulations may prevent prolonged symptoms and complications of MC in PwP. Microscopic colitis, a rare adverse effect of LDDCI therapy, may resolve completely with CSFLI.

Indexed as

Antiparkinson AgentsColitis, MicroscopicLevodopaParkinson DiseaseAgedAged, 80 and overCarbidopaDrug CombinationsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedAntiparkinson AgentsCarbidopaDrug CombinationsLevodopaCSFLILDDCImicrocolitis

Identifiers

PMID41668674
PMCPMC13339309

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.