ArticleOtology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology2026
Incidence of Trans-Impedance Matrix Pattern Variants in Patients With Normal Anatomy Receiving Cochlear Implantation.
Article in Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveWe sought to apply a previously developed transimpedance (TIM) heatmap pattern classification scheme in patients with no known risk factors for cochlear anomalies, in addition to patients implanted in the revision setting, to better understand the incidence of pattern variants, and potential clinical implications. STUDY
designSingle-center retrospective review.
settingTertiary referral centre. PATIENTS: Patients older than 6 months of age who underwent cochlear implantation between June 2020 and June 2024 with normal gross cochlear anatomy and no concern for fibrosis that had intraoperative TIM testing completed. Patients undergoing revision implantation were also included as a separate cohort.
interventionNone.
main outcome measuresThe number of patients with normal and variant TIM patterns was evaluated for each cohort. TIM patterns were subsequently compared with the electrode position found on intraoperative x-ray.
resultsThere were 321 ears that underwent implantation and subsequent intraoperative TIM assessment meeting inclusion criteria. Of these, 310 (96.6%) were in the primary surgery setting, and 11 (3.4%) were in the revision surgical setting. In the primary surgical setting, 86.4% (n=268) of the implants demonstrated a normal TIM heatmap. Compared with the primary surgical setting, where only 45.5% (n=5) of revision surgery TIM heatmaps were interpreted as normal. One patient in the revision setting had a newly identified "double X" pattern corresponding to a normal electrode position on x-ray.
conclusionsThere is a decreased incidence of previously developed TIM heatmap pattern variants in CI recipients with normal gross cochlear anatomy.
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