Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41667979›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026

Pregnancy characteristics in patients with autoimmune diseases with different onset times and their relationship with pregnancy outcomes.

Yinghua Xu, Haotong Ouyang, Minyi Zhang, You Peng, Jun Chen, Shujie Liu, Ruiyan Liu, Sishi Song, Guifang Hu, Mei Zhong and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yinghua Xu *Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Haotong Ouyang *Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Minyi ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
You PengDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Jun ChenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Shujie LiuDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Ruiyan LiuDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Sishi SongDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Guifang HuDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. guif_hu@sina.com.
Mei ZhongDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. zhongmei@smu.edu.cn.
Haoyue HuReproductive Medicine Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China. 471123018@qq.com.

Funding

the National Nature Science Foundation of China 82471716the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China 2024A1515012662
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutoimmune diseases (AIDs) are highly prevalent among women of reproductive age and are associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). However, the correlation between different onset times of the diseases and pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to systematically analyze and compare the pregnancy characteristics and outcomes among women with AID, specifically focusing on those whose conditions manifest in childhood, before pregnancy in adulthood, or during pregnancy in adulthood.

methodsA total of 348 pregnant women with AID from 2010 to 2024 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were categorized based on three different onset times. Clinical features, laboratory characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared among groups. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between the onset time of AIDs and APOs.

resultsAmong the 348 pregnant patients, 39(11.2%) were childhood-onset cases, 215(61.8%) were cases diagnosed in adulthood before pregnancy and 94(27.0%) were occurring during pregnancy. Compared to pregnancy-onset group, pre-pregnancy-onset group showed a lower risk of fetal loss (OR = 0.410, 95% CI 0.201–0.835, P = 0.014).

conclusionsAn increase in the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was not observed in pregnant patients with autoimmune diseases as disease duration increased. Patients with AID onset during pregnancy in adulthood exhibited more aggressive disease manifestations and demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of APOs.

Indexed as

Autoimmune DiseasesPregnancy ComplicationsPregnancy OutcomeAbortion, SpontaneousAdultAge of OnsetFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsPregnancyRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsYoung AdultAutoimmune diseasesChildhood-onsetFetal deathGestational hypertensionPregnancy-onsetPregnancy outcome

Identifiers

PMID41667979
PMCPMC12990593

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