ArticleBMC microbiology2026
Purification and characterization of novel class IId bacteriocins, petauricin A and petauricin B produced by Lactococcus petauri NC2.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) possess a well-established safety profile and are therefore widely studied as safe antimicrobial substances. The development of diverse novel bacteriocins is essential for managing harmful bacteria that are continually evolving. This study describes the purification, characterization, and mode of action of the bacteriocins produced by Lactococcus petauri strain NC2 isolated from fermented sausage. Three-step chromatographic purification, including hydrophobic interaction, cation exchange, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of the active culture supernatants, was followed by mass spectrometry analysis, which detected the two purified bacteriocins with molecular weights of 4711.8 Da and 5432.7 Da, designated petauricin A and petauricin B, respectively. The whole genome analysis detected the presence of the gene cluster consisting of putative bacteriocin precursor genes (petA, petB) and biosynthesis-related genes (petIa, petIb, petC, petD). Sequence alignment revealed the amino acid sequences of putative translated bacteriocin core peptides, petauricin A and petauricin B, have sequence similarity to garvicin AG1 (97%) and garvicin AG2 (72%), respectively. While petauricin A showed inhibitory activity only toward the species of L. garvieae, the inhibitory spectrum of petauricin B included several genera such as Lactococcus, Latilactobacillus, Enterococcus, Listeria, Heyndrickxia, and Pediococcus. Composition and organization of the gene cluster, peptide sequences, and antibacterial behaviours indicate that petauricin A and petauricin B are classified as class IId bacteriocins. Both bacteriocins demonstrated strong bactericidal activity. This study reports that the L. petauri strain NC2 produces bacteriocins with promising antibacterial activity, representing the first novel bacteriocins characterized in the L. petauri species.
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