Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41667885›Full record

ArticleJournal of robotic surgery2026

Learning curve of single-port robot-assisted simple prostatectomy: a risk-adjusted CUSUM analysis.

Lorenzo Santodirocco, Luca A Morgantini, Marwan Alkassis, Alexandru Turcan, Flavia Tamborino, Filippo Carletti, Simone Crivellaro

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of robotic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lorenzo SantodiroccoDepartment of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. lorenzo.santodirocco@uniroma1.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-1949-9100
Luca A MorgantiniDepartment of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Marwan AlkassisDepartment of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Alexandru TurcanDepartment of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Flavia TamborinoDepartment of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Filippo CarlettiDepartment of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Simone CrivellaroDepartment of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate the learning curve of robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) using a transvesical approach and to identify the impact of patient-related factors, such as prostatic volume and Body Mass Index (BMI), on operative efficiency. MATERIALS AND

methodsA retrospective analysis of 103 consecutive RASP procedures performed by a single surgeon was conducted. A multiple linear regression model was developed to calculate predicted operative times adjusted for prostatic volume and BMI. Risk-adjusted Cumulative Sum (RA-CUSUM) analysis was applied to the residuals to characterize the learning curve. Perioperative outcomes were compared across the identified phases using the χ² test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables.

resultsBoth prostatic volume (p < 0.001) and BMI (p = 0.029) were independent predictors of operative duration. The RA-CUSUM analysis identified a learning phase (cases 1-33), a proficiency phase (34-73), and a consolidation phase (74-103). Significant improvements were observed across phases for median operative time (210 vs. 176 vs. 190 min, p = 0.011) and median length of stay (11 vs. 9 vs. 9 h, p < 0.001). No significant differences were found regarding complications or functional outcomes.

conclusionsProficiency in robotic transvesical simple prostatectomy is achieved after approximately 33 cases, with technical consolidation occurring after the 75th procedure. The transvesical approach provides direct access that may mitigate the technical challenges associated with high BMI, although prostatic volume remains the primary driver of operative duration.

Indexed as

Learning CurveProstatectomyRobotic Surgical ProceduresAgedBody Mass IndexHumansLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedOperative TimeOrgan SizeProstateRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)Cumulative sum (CUSUM)Learning curveRobot-assisted surgerySimple prostatectomySingle port

Identifiers

PMID41667885
PMCPMC12891253

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.