ArticleNature structural & molecular biology2026
Mechanism and reconstitution of circadian transcription in cyanobacteria.
Article in Nature structural & molecular biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- From phenomenon to mechanism in the circadian clock of Synechococcus elongatus.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Review
- RpaA Overexpression Enhances Bioluminescence Intensity and Elevates Rhythmic Extracellular Vesicle Yield inLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Circadian biological clocks evolved across kingdoms of life as an adaptation to predictable cycles of sunrise and sunset. In the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, a protein-based clock precisely controls when different genes are turned on and off during the 24-h day but the phasing mechanism remains unclear. Here we show the molecular basis of this regulation and reconstitute clock-controlled transcription in vitro using purified components. Biochemical and structural analyses revealed that the clock-regulated transcription factor RpaA can function as either an activator or a repressor of cyanobacterial RNA polymerase, depending on its binding position relative to core promoter elements. Leveraging the repressor mechanism, we developed a heterologous in vitro system driven by bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase that sustains circadian transcription for multiple days. These findings explain how a single clock output generates opposite phases of gene expression and define the minimal components for circadian clock function, enabling synthetic or biotechnological applications.
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