Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41667482›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Granulomas microenvironment-guided sono-immunotherapy to treat and prevent recurrence of tuberculosis.

Wei Wang, Fei Li, Wanying Mo, Zining Liu, Juan Xu, Yi Li, Peixian Weng, Zihui Liu, Pingqiang Cai, Shasha He and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Wei Wang *NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
Fei Li *College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P. R. China.
Wanying Mo *NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
Zining Liu *NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
Juan XuJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Yi LiNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
Peixian WengNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
Zihui LiuCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P. R. China.
Pingqiang CaiJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China.ORCID 0000-0002-2665-5932
Shasha HeCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P. R. China. hss@xmu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0003-0079-8625
Yupeng WangNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China. wangyupeng5@i.smu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-3665-0545
Dongfang ZhouNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China. dfzhou@smu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-8381-7440

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22275081, 82372117, 52303381Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Guangdong Natural Science Foundation) 2024A1515010464
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Curing tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging due to treatment complexity and high recurrence rates. Through bioinformatic analyses of the immune microenvironment within clinical non-tuberculous granulomas (NTBG)/tuberculous granulomas (TBG) samples, and peripheral blood from drug-resistant/sensitive, recurrent/non-recurrent TB patients, we identify suppression of innate immune responses, especially downregulated Toll-like receptor/NF-kappa B pathways in macrophages/dendritic cells and elevated B/T cell negative regulation, contributing to treatment failure and recurrence. Building on these insights, we develop mannose-modified organic semiconducting nano-immunostimulants (

Indexed as

GranulomaImmunotherapyTuberculosisAdjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsAntigens, BacterialCellular MicroenvironmentDendritic CellsHost-Directed TherapyHumansImidazolesImmunity, InnateLungMacrophagesMannoseMiceAdjuvants, ImmunologicAntigens, BacterialImidazolesMannoseReactive Oxygen SpeciesresiquimodToll-Like Receptor Agonists

Identifiers

PMID41667482
PMCPMC13002906

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.