ArticleCancer immunology research2026
Genomic and Immune Landscape of Recurrent and/or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Progressing on Anti-PD-1 Treatment.
Article in Cancer immunology research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Anti-PD-1 therapies improve survival in recurrent/metastatic (R/M) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), but only a minority of patients achieve durable responses. The mechanisms driving resistance to anti-PD-1 in SCCHN remain poorly understood. Using the IMMUcan multiomics workflow, we characterized the molecular and immune profiles of R/M SCCHN progressing on anti-PD-1 treatment and compared them with an anti-PD-1-naïve cohort. Tumor biopsies from patients with anti-PD-1-resistant SCCHN exhibited significantly more EGFR and MYCL amplifications, along with increased MYC pathway alterations. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that anti-PD-1-secondary resistant SCCHN had increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration with higher levels of immune exhaustion markers than primary resistant and naïve SCCHN. Additionally, high beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) expression correlated with greater T-cell infiltration and improved survival following anti-PD-1 therapy. Tumor cell B2M expression was independent of TMB and PD-1L expression, suggesting that B2M expression could serve as an additional biomarker for anti-PD-1 response.
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