ReviewDiscover oncology2026
VISTA: bridging gaps in cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Discover oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is complicated by the interaction of different cells of immune system, stromal components, and tumor-associated elements. Immune cells largely influence tumor progression by the means of various activating and inhibitory mechanisms including, immune checkpoint molecules. These molecules have been targeted for treating different types of cancers. For instance, blocking antibodies against CTLA-4, PD-1, or PD-L1 have elicited durable clinical responses and remarkable efficacy. These antibodies have also led to long-term remissions in a subset of patients, especially when used in combination therapies. V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) as a negative regulator of the immune system is expressed on multiple immune cell subsets including, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), macrophages, and lymphocytes. VISTA exerts regulatory effects and modulates T cell function and has shown prognostic significance in different cancers, leading to an increased attention regarding its suppressive role in the context of cancer. In this review, we will summarize the VISTA structure, ligands, role in the TME, and expression on immune cells. Furthermore, the significance of VISTA expression in the prognosis of cancer and its role in cancer immunotherapy, tumor resistance and ongoing clinical trials will be discussed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.