Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41665619›Full record

ArticleMicrobial genomics2026

Genome sequencing reveals variation of African swine fever virus in Nigerian outbreaks and identification of two major West African viral lineages.

Ganih S Joel, Anvou R Jambol, Nenfort Daniel Jahota, Fengyi Li, Ruth N Njuki, Lameck A Odongo, Morenikeji Oluwatoyin Ruth, Gyang Godwill Ayuba, Daniel Geofrey ThankGod, Shuaibu Hafsat Jagab and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbial genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Ganih S JoelState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
Anvou R JambolNational Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria.
Nenfort Daniel JahotaState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
Fengyi LiState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Zoonotic Viruses, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China.
Ruth N NjukiState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
Lameck A OdongoState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
Morenikeji Oluwatoyin RuthNational Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria.
Gyang Godwill AyubaNational Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria.
Daniel Geofrey ThankGodNational Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria.
Shuaibu Hafsat JagabNational Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria.
Zheng-Fei CaiState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
Olufunke O OluwoleInstitute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Bamidele BoladuroInstitute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
M O Oladele-BulokaInstitute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Richard P BishopWashington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
Jianbo LiState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
Xinlou YangKunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China.
Adeyinka J AdedejiNational Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria.
Pam D LukaNational Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria.
Ya-Ping ZhangState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
Adeniyi C AdeolaState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
Min-Sheng PengState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

African swine fever is a transboundary disease of wild boar and domestic pigs that is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), with a mortality rate of 100 % in naïve animals. The ongoing spread poses a significant threat to food security and economic stability globally. In Nigeria, frequent outbreaks of the disease have been reported since 1997, and genetic analysis of Nigerian ASFV has defined virulent genotypes I and II. The disease has caused a significant impact in the pig-producing regions of the country, resulting in high economic losses. For improved control of the virus, a better knowledge of the virus's genetic diversity is required. Here, we report five complete genome assemblies of ASFV from Nigeria, four genomes assembled with hybrid sequencing platforms and one using the Oxford Nanopore Technology, from different outbreaks between 2020 and 2024. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that these outbreak strains are of genotypes I and II, showing a striking sequence similarity to Benin 97/1 and Nigeria-RV502 of ≥99.90 %. Evolutionary analysis identified CAM1994 and Mauritius MAU/01/2007 to be the closest to the common ancestor of the circulating virus strains in Nigeria. The study reports for the first time the simultaneous occurrence of genotypes I and II in Nigeria. The study documents the evolutionary pattern of the two circulating genotypes in Nigeria and the West African region, allowing monitoring of the transmission dynamics, which will help strengthen surveillance and disease control.

Indexed as

African Swine FeverAfrican Swine Fever VirusDisease OutbreaksGenome, ViralAnimalsGenetic VariationGenotypeNigeriaPhylogenySequence Analysis, DNASwineWhole Genome SequencingAfrican swine fever virusevolutiongenotype Igenotype IIhybrid genomeNigeria

Identifiers

PMID41665619
PMCPMC13293334

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.