Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41664768›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Clobazam in Adult Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: Excellent Long-Term Retention and Potential Synergy with Neuromodulation.

Brian Fang, Manar Haroon, Erinn Kalantzis, Mohan Kurukumbi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Brian FangInova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, USA.
Manar HaroonInova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, USA.
Erinn KalantzisInova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, USA.
Mohan KurukumbiInova Neuroscience Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDrug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is a major clinical challenge. While clobazam, a 1,5-benzodiazepine, is an effective adjunctive therapy, concerns regarding tolerability and discontinuation rates have been reported in some studies. This study evaluates the long-term efficacy and tolerability specifically among adults with DRE who successfully tolerated at least six months of clobazam treatment at a Level 4 Epilepsy Center, providing insights into outcomes in treatment-tolerant patients. METHODOLOGY: A single-center retrospective chart review was conducted of 160 adult patients with DRE treated with clobazam for at least six months at a Level 4 Epilepsy Center. Data on seizure frequency, clobazam dosage, tolerability, and concomitant therapies, including neuromodulation devices, were analyzed.

resultsThe cohort (

conclusionsAmong adults with DRE who successfully tolerate at least six months of clobazam therapy, long-term retention is excellent (95%), and sustained efficacy is maintained. These findings provide valuable insight into long-term outcomes, specifically in treatment-tolerant patients. Furthermore, combination therapy with neuromodulation demonstrates potential complementarity. These findings provide valuable insight into long-term outcomes in treatment-tolerant patients and suggest that careful ongoing management optimizes clinical outcomes in adult DRE.

Indexed as

adjunctive therapyantiepileptic drugsbenzodiazepenesclobazamdrug-resistant epilepsyepilepsyneuromodulationrational polypharmacyseizure reductionvagus nerve stimulation

Identifiers

PMID41664768
PMCPMC12883093

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.