ArticleBMC public health2026
Association between nutrient patterns and muscle mass, fat mass, and BMI among Iranian adolescents: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNutrient patterns impact body composition. Adolescents with obesity and overweight are vulnerable to many metabolic diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between nutrient patterns and muscle mass, fat mass, and BMI in Iranian adolescents.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 451 adolescents from four schools in Jahrom. The frequency and nutritional content of the diet, as well as information about body composition, economic status, and anthropometric measurements, were collected.
resultsAdolescents were classified into tertiles based on anthropometric indices. Eight major nutritional patterns were identified. High adherence to NP6 (rich in DHA and EPA) was significantly associated with higher odds of being in the second BMI tertile, showing a 190% increase in odds after full adjustment (OR 2.91; 95% CI 1.14–7.42). Moderate adherence to NP5 (rich in fat, MUFA, and sodium) was associated with a 138% increase in odds of being in the second muscle mass tertile in the fully adjusted model (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.23–4.60). High adherence to NP3 (loaded with cysteine, selenium, magnesium, phosphorus, copper, and vitamin B9) was associated with a 115% increase in odds of being in the second muscle mass tertile after adjusting for confounders (OR 2.15; 95% CI 1.04–4.46). No significant associations were found between any nutritional patterns and fat mass tertiles.
conclusionThe current study identified eight distinct NPs. Adherence to NPs containing healthy nutrients was associated with greater odds of muscle mass in adolescents. Conversely, NPs enriched with EPA and DHA were associated with an increased odds of being in the second BMI tertile. Further research, particularly prospective studies, is needed to validate these findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.