ArticleScientific reports2026
Dynamical cross-correlations between RR and QT intervals in long-term electrocardiogram recordings.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Understanding the dynamic relationship between RR and QT intervals is crucial for interpreting electrocardiograms (ECGs) and managing cardiac conditions. Here we focus specifically on the short-range, beat-to-beat coupling between RR and QT intervals, which we investigate in long-term ECG recordings from 202 healthy subjects using time-lagged cross-correlation (TLCC) analysis. This approach allows us to quantify how QT intervals relate to both preceding and succeeding RR intervals across a range of short time lags. Data were preprocessed with the smoothness priors method to remove long-term trends while preserving relevant short-term dynamics. Understanding the dynamic relationship between RR and QT intervals is crucial for interpreting electrocardiograms (ECGs) and managing cardiac conditions. We investigated cross-correlation between RR and QT intervals in long-term ECG recordings from 202 healthy subjects using time-lagged cross-correlation analysis to explore how QT intervals correlate with both preceding and succeeding RR intervals across various time lags. Data was preprocessed with the smoothness priors method to remove long-term trends while preserving relevant short-term dynamics. Our results reveal that, as expected, the highest RR-QT cross-correlations occur when the intervals overlap the most. Notably, we also observed a strong cross-correlation between the present QT interval and the preceding RR interval, with the overall correlations skewed toward negative lags. This suggests that past RR intervals exert a stronger influence on current QT intervals. These findings align with previous research on RR-QT transfer entropy. We found no significant differences in RR-QT cross-correlations between sexes. However, aging was associated with significantly reduced cross-correlations across all lags. This effect is consistent with existing literature on age-related cardiac changes and provides further insight into the impact of aging on RR-QT coupling. Additionally, we observed a slight positive correlation between heart rate and cross-correlation at all lags, with cross-correlation decreasing as the lag increased. These findings enhance our understanding of the dynamic RR-QT relationship by characterizing its short-range structure in a model-free way. The empirical patterns offer a reference for normal RR-QT dynamics in healthy individuals and may support future development or validation of dynamical QT/RR models.
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