Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41663681›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Tissue-specific distribution of cytotoxic triterpene saponins in three Red Sea sea cucumbers.

Shaimaa Fayez, Karim Abed, Mostafa S Moussa, Mennatallah N Zohdy, Amira M Ali, Miral A El-Gohary, Mennatallah M Awaad, Noura M Alshawarby, Rana I Sedky, Myar E Taha and 9 more

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Shaimaa FayezDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Karim AbedDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Mostafa S MoussaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Mennatallah N ZohdyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Amira M AliDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Miral A El-GoharyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Mennatallah M AwaadDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Noura M AlshawarbyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Rana I SedkyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Myar E TahaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Toqa H El-SayedDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Esraa M Abd ElhamiedDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Nouran G MahmoudDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Trivina E SerafeemDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Po-Jen ChenDepartment of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 824005, Taiwan.
Hui-Chi HuangSchool of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
Lo-Yun ChenPhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
Kuei-Hung LaiPhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. kueihunglai@tmu.edu.tw.
Mohamed El-ShazlyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. mohamed.elshazly@pharma.asu.edu.eg.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sea cucumbers are widely exported from the Middle-East to East Asia being consumed as traditional food. Due to paucity of knowledge concerning biochemical analysis of Red Sea Holothurians, we studied the distribution of triterpene saponins in the external muscular body walls and internal visceral organs of three edible sea cucumbers of the Red Sea using LC-qTOF-MS/MS. Saponins in H. atra and Bohadschia vitiensis were generally localised in the walls whereas they showed higher relative abundance in the viscera of Holothuria impatiens. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays showed superiority of H. impatiens viscera in reducing the viabilities of all tested cancer cell lines. Bioassay-guided fractionation revealed strong cytotoxicity for the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of H. impatiens visceral extract. Bioactive molecular networking showed triterpenes to contribute to the cytotoxic activity of the DCM fraction. LC-qTOF-MS/MS analysis and molecular networking of the bioactive fraction showed enrichment of the triterpenes bivittosides C and D. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that bivittosides most probably affect cancer pathways such as PI3K/Akt, interleukins signaling, and receptor tyrosine kinases. Molecular docking showed good binding scores for bivittosides C and D on STAT3, Akt1, and EGFR proteins.

Indexed as

SaponinsSea CucumbersTriterpenesAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalChromatography, LiquidHumansIndian OceanTandem Mass SpectrometryTissue DistributionSaponinsTriterpenesB. vitiensisCytotoxicityH. atraH. impatiensLC-qTOF-MS/MSMolecular networking

Identifiers

PMID41663681
PMCPMC12957438

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.