ArticlePLOS global public health2026
Transmission dynamics of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal intensive care unit in Zambia before and after an infection control bundle.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Observational
- Genomic analysis ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Clinical and laboratory parameters associated with bloodstream infections among neonates admitted to a tertiary hospital in Tanzania: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis in low- and middle-income countries, with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) significantly contributing to mortality. We used whole genome sequencing to explore the impact of an infection prevention and control (IPC) intervention on K. pneumoniae strains and transmission dynamics responsible for sepsis in a Zambian neonatal unit. Blood culture isolates were collected during the Sepsis Prevention in Neonates in Zambia (SPINZ) study, including a 7-month baseline period and 12 months following implementation of a low-cost IPC bundle. K. pneumoniae genomes associated with 411 neonatal infections were characterised, comprising 24 unique sequence types (STs) and dominated by ST307 (69.3%, n = 285). Nearly all isolates (99.0%) carried extended spectrum beta-lactamases, but few carried carbapenemases (2.7%). Most infections (95.6%) were associated with probable transmission clusters, ranging in size from 2-202 patients and spanning durations of 2-232 days. Most K. pneumoniae (n = 228, 70%) were isolated during the 7-month baseline period and formed six clusters, including one cluster of >200 neonates infected with ST307. Transmission of all strains was periodically suppressed by an IPC bundle; however not all strains were eliminated, and some were able to re-emerge later to re-establish infection and transmission, alongside newly introduced strains that formed additional transmission clusters. Some clusters were associated with rapid onset of disease (within 2 days of admission) and others with delayed onset, suggesting different sources of contamination (e.g., reagent vs environmental). These findings reinforce the need for sustained IPC efforts, and better understanding of environmental reservoirs of opportunistic pathogens in neonatal units to inform such efforts.
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Registered trials
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