Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41661450›Full record

ArticleWiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)2026

Maternal factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding failure: a community-based cross-sectional study in the north of Iran.

Zahra Akbarian-Rad, Hossein-Ali Nikbakht, Maryam Nikpour, Jamileh Aqatabar Roudbari, Fahimeh Zabihi, Mohammadreza Esmaeili Dooki

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Article in Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Zahra Akbarian-RadNon-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Hossein-Ali NikbakhtNon-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Maryam NikpourNon-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Jamileh Aqatabar RoudbariVice Chancellor for Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Fahimeh ZabihiThe Clinical Research Development Unit of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Mohammadreza Esmaeili DookiNon-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. esmaeilidooki@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0815-4499

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo improve exclusive breastfeeding, we must resolve challenges for mothers and babies. This study aims to determine the maternal factors contributing to failure of exclusive breastfeeding.

methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in all infants who had attended the healthcare centers for their first 6‑month vaccinations from 2019 to 2021 in Babol, Iran. Maternal factors were collected using a checklist, including demographic, social, and midwifery information. Failure of exclusive breastfeeding was defined as using anything other than breast milk, such as pacifiers, bottles, sugar water, or complementary feeding for infants during the first 6 months of life. Binary logistic analysis examined the influence of predictor variables on exclusive breastfeeding. The significance level was set at P < 0.05.

resultOut of the 1400 infants, at the end of the study, 413 (29.5%) were exclusively breastfed. Multivariate regression showed education level (odds ratio [OR]: 1.42, P = 0.003) and urban residence (OR: 1.89, P < 0.001) to be associated with increased discontinuation, while term pregnancy (OR: 0.47, P = 0.008) served as a preventive factor. Breastfeeding education (OR: 6.7, P = 0.067) and breast problems (OR: 6.4, P = 0.082) had a sixfold effect on the decrease and increase of discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding, respectively, although this relationship was not statistically significant.

conclusionThis study showed that preterm delivery, higher education, and living in an urban area can increase the probability of failure of exclusive breastfeeding. These findings provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals and policymakers promoting and supporting exclusive breastfeeding.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingAdultCross-Sectional StudiesEducational StatusFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornIranPregnancyRisk FactorsBreastfeeding cessationInfant feeding practicesLactationPublic healthRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID41661450

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