Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41661253›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging2026

Cost-effectiveness of [¹¹C]Choline PET/CT as first-line imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism.

H M Schouw, J Melis, J W Lutterop, H H Boersma, M E Noltes, C S van der Hilst, M I Bonnema, A P A Appelman, W T Zandee, S Kruijff and 2 more

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

H M SchouwDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. h.m.schouw@umcg.nl.ORCID 0000-0002-8996-4353
J Melis *Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J W Lutterop *Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
H H BoersmaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
M E NoltesDepartment of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
C S van der HilstDepartment of Strategic Analytics, Finance and Control, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
M I BonnemaDepartment of Strategic Analytics, Finance and Control, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
A P A AppelmanDepartment of Radiology, Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
W T ZandeeMedical Centre Groningen, Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
S KruijffDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
K M VermeulenDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
A H BrouwersDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWe performed a cost-utility analysis, using prospectively gathered trial data, comparing two imaging strategies for localizing parathyroid adenomas in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) to determine the most cost-effective approach. Additionally, we provide customizable open-source R-script enabling other centres to identify their optimal imaging strategy based on local diagnostic accuracy and cost data.

methodsAn evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy was performed for five imaging modalities: first-line cervical ultrasound (cUS) and [

results[¹¹C]choline PET/CT had a total costs of €10,394 and a QALY gain of 16.66. In contrast, the current standard, cUS + MIBI SPECT/CT with, when necessary, second-line imaging, costs €10,907 and yields 16.63 QALYs. The incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) for [¹¹C]choline PET/CT was -€18,846/QALY, indicating dominance with lower cost and greater effectiveness. Sensitivity analyses showed that cost-effectiveness was most sensitive to variations in costs of [¹¹C]choline PET/CT.

conclusionThis centre-specific model supports first-line [¹¹C]choline PET/CT as a cost-effective first-line strategy for localization of parathyroid adenomas, depending on [¹¹C]choline PET/CT costs. Additionally, the provided cost-utility model, enables other centres to determine their optimal imaging strategy.

Indexed as

CholineHyperparathyroidism, PrimaryPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyCarbon RadioisotopesCost-Benefit AnalysisCost-Effectiveness AnalysisHumansRadiopharmaceuticalsCarbon RadioisotopesCholineRadiopharmaceuticals[¹¹C]choline PET/CT[99mTc]Tc-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile SPECT/CTCost-utilityPrimary hyperparathyroidism

Identifiers

PMID41661253
PMCPMC13121269

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.