Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41660499›Full record

ArticleCHEST pulmonary2025

Rapid Metagenomic Sequencing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Diagnosis of Infection in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Pulmonary Complications.

Matthew K Hensley, Khaled Sayed, Ghady Haidar, Xiaohong Wang, Panayiotis V Benos, Sawa Ito, Annie Im, Emily Geramita, Warren Shlomchik, Barbara Methé and 3 more

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Article in CHEST pulmonary, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Matthew K HensleyDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Khaled SayedDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Ghady HaidarDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Xiaohong WangDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Panayiotis V BenosDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Sawa ItoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Annie ImDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Emily GeramitaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Warren ShlomchikDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Barbara MethéDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Charles Dela CruzDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Alison MorrisDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Georgios D KitsiosDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT; the Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.

Funding

Interpretable graphical models for large multi-modal COPD data (R01HL159805)R01HL159805 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BENOS, PANAGIOTIS V, SPIRTES, PETER · 2021 to 2024
$2.0M
Airspace Candida Colonization and Lung Injury (AirCCoLIN)R01HL176668 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Georgios Kitsios · 2025 to 2026
$1.4M
The Gut Microbiome in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Colonization, Persistence, Infection, and Tolerance after Lung or Liver TransplantationK23AI154546 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI HAIDAR, GHADY · 2021 to 2025
$896k
Microbial Determinants of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Severity (MiDAS)R03HL162655 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI KITSIOS, GEORGIOS · 2022 to 2023
$159k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL159805NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL176668NHLBI NIH HHS R03 HL162655NIAID NIH HHS K23 AI154546
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiagnosing pulmonary complications (PCs) in hematologic malignancies remains challenging due to insensitive conventional microbiologic testing (CMT) and overlapping clinical manifestations of infectious and noninfectious pulmonary complications. For these reasons, empirical antimicrobials and immunosuppression (eg, corticosteroids) are used for prolonged periods. RESEARCH QUESTION: How does metagenomic sequencing of the lower respiratory tract compare with conventional microbiologic testing among patients with hematologic malignancy? STUDY DESIGN AND

methodsProspective proof-of-concept cohort study of 30 adult in-patients with hematologic malignancies and PCs who underwent bronchoscopy for suspected lower respiratory tract infection.

resultsCMT identified a pathogen via culture- or polymerase chain reaction-based testing in 53% of patients. 16S sequencing demonstrated 66.7% positive and 42.9% negative concordance with CMT, while also identifying additional plausible respiratory pathogens in 59.3% of patients. Nanopore demonstrated 6.7% positive and 87.5% negative concordance with CMT and identified additional plausible respiratory pathogens in 42.3% of patients.

interpretationCulture-independent sequencing approaches had modest agreement with CMT when considering bacterial PCs and showed poor detection of fungal pathogens. Sequencing frequently identified additional plausible respiratory pathogens, and further validation is needed to determine if such detection represents clinically missed infections or nonpathogenic colonization.

Indexed as

immunocompromisedlower respiratory tract infectionmetagenomicspulmonary complications

Identifiers

PMID41660499
PMCPMC12875665

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.