ReviewSurgical neurology international2026
The role of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in spinal surgery: A focused evidence review (2015-2025).
Review in Surgical neurology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring (IONM) has become a critical tool in spinal surgery, providing real-time feedback on neural integrity to help prevent postoperative neurological deficits. Despite its growing use, there remains variability in evidence regarding its effectiveness across diverse surgical contexts. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar identified studies assessing IONM in spine surgery. Risk of bias assessment was performed using ROBINS I tool. Results: Our review found that IONM is associated with lower rates of neurological injury in controlled cohorts, although larger registries showed higher crude deficit rates confounded by surgical complexity. Intraoperative alerts were common but usually transient, enabling timely corrective actions. Diagnostic accuracy was high, with excellent specificity and negative predictive value, supporting IONM's role as an early-warning tool. Conclusion: IONM enhances patient safety in spinal surgery by enabling early detection of neural injury and minimizing postoperative neurological deficits. Evidence supports the use of multimodal IONM with standardized protocols to improve neurological outcomes.
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