ArticleGhana medical journal2025
Risk factors, treatment outcomes and predictors of death of newly diagnosed patients with venous thromboembolism in a quaternary hospital in Ghana.
Article in Ghana medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, treatment outcomes and predictors of death of newly diagnosed patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Design: A retrospective study. Settings: University of Ghana Medical Centre (UGMC) Ltd, a 650-bed quaternary hospital located in Accra, Ghana. Participants: One hundred and eighty-six adult patients admitted with a diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE), confirmed by Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), from January 2022 to April 2024, were included in this study. All patients with a differential diagnosis of DVT or PE for whom confirmation by Doppler USG and CTPA could not be obtained were excluded. Main outcome measure: Risk factors, treatment outcomes and predictors of death of patients diagnosed with venous thromboembolism. Results: The mean age of study participants was 62.7 years (±15.5), and a slightly higher proportion were female (n=108, 58.1%). The mortality rate was 16.3%. Close to half of the patients (n=88, 47.3%) had a history of immobilisation as the predominant risk factor for VTE. On multivariate analysis, increasing age (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.08), increasing urea level (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 - 1.21) and presence of cancer (OR 6.02, 95% CI 0.003) remained significant predictors of mortality. Conclusion: Immobilisation was the main risk factor for VTE in this study. In-hospital mortality was relatively high, with death in 1 in 6 patients diagnosed. Patients with advanced age, high urea and malignancy should be monitored closely and early aggressive treatment instituted to reduce mortality. Funding: None declared.
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