Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41659851›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Efficacy and safety of early radiotherapy combined with first-line chemo-immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a multi-center analysis.

Jingyi Jia, Ya Zeng, Yongling Ji, Hui Zhu, Rui Meng, Bing Xia, Yunfeng Wang, Tianle Shen, Xi Su, Tongfang Zhou and 5 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Jingyi Jia *Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ya Zeng *Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yongling Ji *Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
Hui Zhu *Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.
Rui Meng *Oncology Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Bing Xia *Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Yunfeng WangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Tianle ShenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
Xi SuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Tongfang ZhouDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yifei LuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Lei ZhaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Zhangru YangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaolong FuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xuwei CaiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Backgrounds: This study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of early radiotherapy combined with first-line chemo-immunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Methods: ES-SCLC patients treated with first-line chemo-immunotherapy from August 2018 to January 2024 at five centers were included. Patients receiving early radiotherapy administered before disease progression were categorized into RT group, and were further separately stratified by the receipt of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and extra thoracic radiotherapy (eTRT). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance potential bias. Results: Totally, 771 patients were enrolled. RT group exhibited significantly better progression-free survival (PFS, p<0.001) and overall survival (OS, p<0.001) compared to Non-RT group in the whole and post-PSM cohort. The survival benefit was also observed in TRT group versus Non-TRT group, and eTRT group versus Non-eTRT group. Exploratory analyses were conducted within the TRT group. Consolidative TRT was associated with superior PFS (p<0.001) and OS (p=0.006) compared to the concurrent treatment. Additionally, survival outcomes were comparable between patients receiving a biological effective dose (BED) below or above the median dose of 60Gy and the salvage dose of 39Gy. No significance was observed in overall adverse events between RT group and Non-RT group, despite a higher rate of all-grade pneumonitis in RT group (9.9% versus 4.2%, p=0.002). Conclusions: Early radiotherapy, either thoracic or extra thoracic radiotherapy, combined with first-line chemo-immunotherapy constituted an effective and well-tolerated strategy for patients with ES-SCLC. These findings warrant investigation in prospective randomized trials.

Indexed as

ChemoradiotherapyImmunotherapyLung NeoplasmsSmall Cell Lung CarcinomaAgedCombined Modality TherapyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesTreatment Outcomeefficacyextensive-stage small-cell lung cancerfirst-line chemo-immunotherapyimmunotherapyradiotherapysafety

Identifiers

PMID41659851
PMCPMC12872522

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.