Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41659392›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Protein-only centromeric chromatin assembly streamlines human artificial chromosome formation.

Gabriel J Birchak, Praveen Kumar Allu, Prakriti Kashyap, Guhan K Anbalagan, Shu-Cheng Chuang, Glennis A Logsdon, Daniel G Gibson, John I Glass, Ben E Black

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Gabriel J BirchakDepartment of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA.
Praveen Kumar AlluDepartment of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA.
Prakriti KashyapDepartment of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA.
Guhan K AnbalaganDepartment of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA.
Shu-Cheng ChuangEpigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA.
Glennis A LogsdonEpigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA.
Daniel G GibsonJ. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
John I GlassJ. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
Ben E BlackDepartment of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3707-9483

Funding

TRAINING PROGRAM IN CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGYT32GM007229 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BARTOLOMEI, MARISA S. · 1985 to 2023
$14.0M
Tumor cell instrinsic DNA damage signaling to the immune responseP01CA265794 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Roger A Greenberg · 2023 to 2026
$8.5M
Mendelian inheritance of artificial chromosomesR01HG012445 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BLACK, BEN E., LAMPSON, MICHAEL · 2021 to 2025
$5.8M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA265794NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG012445NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007229
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) are inherited through cell divisions alongside natural chromosomes, serving as tools for interrogating chromosomal elements and as vectors for large genetic cargoes (1-5). Despite recent progress (6-8), large (i.e., multiple Mb) HACs have not been reported. Further, HAC formation via epigenetic seeding of centromeric chromatin currently requires prior engineering of recipient human cells (6-8), hampering their potential deployment in many useful cell types. Here, we designed, built, and delivered to human cells a 2 Mb HAC construct that is ~3 times larger than the prior generation. We also report a robust epigenetic centromere seeding approach that initiates immediately upon delivery to the human cell cytoplasm and bypasses genetic engineering of target cells. The HACs are then faithfully inherited in the absence of selection. Thus, formation of functional centromeric chromatin in the same cell cycle of HAC delivery drives high efficiency HAC formation.

Indexed as

centromerechromosome biologyepigeneticshuman artificial chromosomespheroplast fusionsynthetic biology

Identifiers

PMID41659392
PMCPMC12873790

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.