ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2025
Exploring the determinants of non-suicidal self-injury among university students in Jordan: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Deliberate bodily harm without suicidal intent has become a growing concern among young adults and adolescents. This study aims to explore the determinants of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and its correlation with psychological distress and mobile phone addiction (MPA) among university students in Jordan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study targeting university students in Jordan. The data was collected from 394 students using a semi-structured online questionnaire that included socio-demographic characteristics; Self-Harm Inventory scale (SHI); Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7); and Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). SPSS 30 was used for descriptive and multivariate analysis. Spearman's correlation, Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U were applied. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify the predictors of significant NSSI. Results: Prevalence of significant self-harm (threshold of SHI ≥5) was 20.56%. Higher levels of anxiety and depression were strongly associated with increased NSSI severity (p <.001). Depression was a strong predictor of significant self-harm (p <.001, OR = 1.21). Participants who reported experiencing negative or traumatic events during childhood, or having a family member with a psychological disorder, were significantly more likely to fall into the higher-risk NSSI category (p <.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated alarming levels of self-harm behaviors among university students in Jordan as measured by SHI. NSSI was strongly associated with psychological distress and dysfunctional family environment, which may provide insight into its etiology and has implications for early identification and intervention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.