ArticleCureus2026
Effect of Reduced Centrifugation Time on Leukocyte, Platelet, and Growth Factor Levels in Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) Prepared Using Low-Speed Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF): An Ex Vivo Study.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Fibrin-Based Biomaterials in Wound Healing and Soft Tissue Regeneration: Biological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPlatelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a second-generation autologous biomaterial, enhances periodontal regeneration through its fibrin matrix, which is enriched with leukocytes, platelets, and growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Centrifugation parameters critically influence the regenerative composition of PRF, with low-speed relative centrifugal force (RCF) protocols improving both cellular and molecular yields. However, the impact of centrifugation time remains underexplored. This study investigates whether reducing centrifugation time from 8 to 4 minutes at 44 g (600 rpm) optimizes PRF's regenerative profile for periodontal applications.
methodsPeripheral blood from 10 healthy male volunteers (aged 20-30 years) reporting to a tertiary care center was processed into fluid PRF using two protocols: 8-minute and 4-minute centrifugation at 600 rpm. Leukocyte and platelet concentrations were quantified via flow cytometry, while VEGF and TGF-β levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 1 and 24 hours post-clotting. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test assessed differences between protocols (p ≤ 0.05).
resultsReducing centrifugation time to 4 minutes significantly increased leukocyte (median: 0.04-0.07 ×10³ cells/µL, p = 0.008) and platelet (median: 578-691 ×10³ cells/µL, p = 0.005) concentrations. VEGF levels showed a near-significant rise (median: 4.19-6.10 pg/mL, p = 0.051), while TGF-β exhibited a non-significant upward trend (median: 35.57-36.43 ng/mL, p = 0.594). These enhancements suggest improved cellular retention and growth factor release.
conclusionA 4-minute centrifugation at 600 rpm suggests improved cellular retention and trends toward higher growth factor concentrations by enhancing leukocyte, platelet, and VEGF concentrations, with a modest TGF-β increase. This protocol offers potential biochemical enhancement with improved chair-side efficiency, warranting further clinical validation.
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