ArticleCureus2026
Primary Amenorrhea in an 18-Year-Old Phenotypic Female With a 46,XY Karyotype: Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is an uncommon disorder of sexual differentiation in which a genetically male (46,XY) individual presents with a typical female phenotype due to androgen receptor resistance. We report the case of an 18-year-old phenotypic female with primary amenorrhea and lower abdominal pain. Clinical assessment showed normal breast development with markedly reduced body and pubic hair. Hormonal studies revealed elevated LH and testosterone levels. Imaging confirmed the absence of Müllerian structures, and karyotyping demonstrated a 46,XY pattern. Bilateral laparoscopic orchidectomy was carried out, followed by estrogen therapy and psychological support. This case highlights the clinical clues essential for the early diagnosis of CAIS and underscores the need for empathetic counselling and coordinated multidisciplinary care.
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