Avian features of

Jingmai K O'Connor, Alexander D Clark, Pei-Chen Kuo, Min Wang, Akiko Shinya, Constance Van Beek, Huali Chang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jingmai K O'ConnorNegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.

Alexander D ClarkNegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.

Pei-Chen KuoNegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.

Min WangKey Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.

Akiko ShinyaNegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.

Constance Van BeekNegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.

Huali ChangHenan Natural History Museum, Zhengzhou 450016, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Powered flight, as the most physically demanding form of vertebrate locomotion, involves elevated energetic demands. The appearance of dinosaurian flight should therefore be associated with novel features related to increased feeding or digestive efficiency. Neornithines have several unique rostral features that facilitate complex oral tasks, increasing feeding efficiency; these include a mechanoreceptive bill-tip organ, highly mobile tongue, and oral papillae. Here, we provide the first evidence for the presence of these features in

Indexed as

Aves/Avialaebasihyalbill-tip organhyoid bonesoral papillae

Identifiers

PMID41658498

DOI10.1016/j.xinn.2025.101086

PMCPMC12881756

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.