ArticleTranslational andrology and urology2026
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of relapse in unilateral Wilms tumor: a single-institution report from 2010 to 2022.
Article in Translational andrology and urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric malignant renal tumor in children. Overall, the prognosis for recurrent WT remains poor, with an overall survival (OS) rate of approximately 50%. This study aimed to characterize the clinical features and outcomes of patients with relapsed unilateral WT. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with and treated for relapsed unilateral WT at Beijing Children's Hospital between January 2010 and December 2022. Results: A total of 46 patients with recurrent WT were included in the study. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and OS rates from the time of first relapse were 44.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 28.4-59.4%] and 54.7% (95% CI: 37.4-69.0%), respectively. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that early relapse and nonoperative management after relapse were independent risk factors for a second recurrence. Patients who relapsed within six months had a significantly higher risk of second recurrence than those who relapsed after six months [hazard ratio (HR) 3.0; 95% CI: 1.1-8.8; P=0.03]. Patients who did not undergo surgery after relapse had a significantly higher risk of second recurrence than those who did (HR 3.9; 95% CI: 1.4-11.4; P=0.01). In addition, the only factor significantly associated with OS in this cohort was the histology of the initial tumor. Focal or diffuse anaplasia in the initial tumor was associated with a markedly higher risk of death (HR 10.3; 95% CI: 2.1-50.9; P=0.007). Conclusions: We emphasize the importance of identifying adverse risk factors for recurrent WT. Early relapse (within six months) and nonoperative management after relapse are independent predictors of a second recurrence. Furthermore, unfavorable histology of the initial tumor independently predicts mortality in recurrent WT.
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