ArticleInternational journal of clinical and experimental pathology2026
Lactoferrin inhibits anoikis-resistance and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via the AKT signaling pathway.
Article in International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the influence of lactoferrin (LTF) on the anoikis-resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and explore its relationship with the protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway.
methodsAnoikis-resistant HNE-1 and HONE-1 NPC cell lines were established. The proliferation and survival of cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), while cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. The transwell assay was used to evaluate invasion and metastasis abilities. The expression of matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), E-cadherin and Vimentin were assessed by Western blot. LTF plasmids and LTF shRNA plasmids were transfected into HNE-1 and HONE-1 cells, respectively, and the expression of E-cadherin, Vimentin, AKT and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) proteins was detected by Western blot to clarify the role of LTF in anoikis-resistant NPC cells.
resultsAnoikis-resistant HNE-1 and HONE-1 NPC cell lines were successfully established. Compared to parental cells, these anoikis-resistant cells exhibited enhanced survival, reduced apoptosis, and significantly increased invasive ability. They also demonstrated elevated expression of VEGF-A, MMP-9, and Vimentin, alongside decreased E-cadherin, indicating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, the expression of AKT and TrkB was significantly upregulated in anoikis-resistant cells. Critically, LTF overexpression reversed this aggressive phenotype: it suppressed cell survival and invasion, induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, promoted apoptosis, and downregulated the expression of AKT and TrkB. Conversely, LTF knockdown produced opposing effects.
conclusionOur study revealed that LTF inhibits anoikis-resistance and metastasis of NPC cells via the AKT signaling pathway.
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