ArticleHealth science reports2026
The Effect of Emotional Self-Regulation Counseling on Anxiety and Fear of Childbirth in First-Time Pregnant Women: A Clinical Trial Study.
Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effect of Emotional Self-Regulation Counseling on Anxiety and Fear of Childbirth in First-Time Pregnant Women: A Clinical Trial Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Study protocol for a midwife-led psychoeducational intervention to reduce pregnancy-related anxiety in low-risk pregnant women.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Pregnancy-related anxiety and fear of childbirth are common in primiparous women and contribute to high cesarean section rates. Few interventions specifically target emotion regulation skills. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a brief, midwife-led, group-based counseling program grounded in Gross's emotion regulation model in reducing pregnancy-related anxiety and fear of childbirth. Methods: Pragmatic randomized controlled trial in Hamadan, Iran, 2023. Seventy primiparous women (28-33 weeks gestation) were allocated (1:1) to 6 weekly emotion regulation counseling sessions or routine prenatal care. Primary outcomes were post-intervention scores on the Persian Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ) and Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire (CAQ), analyzed by ANCOVA adjusting for baseline scores. Results: Adjusted mean PRAQ scores were 36.65 (SE 2.74) vs. 66.41 (SE 2.74) (adjusted difference -29.76, 95% CI -37.28 to -22.24, Cohen's Conclusion: This brief emotion regulation intervention produced large reductions in pregnancy-related anxiety and fear of childbirth. Findings are preliminary due to single-center design, lack of blinding, and subjective outcomes. Larger multicenter trials with attention controls and long-term follow-up are needed before routine implementation.
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Registered trials
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