ArticleAfrican journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence2026
Assessment of emergency care services in Nigerian hospitals: A cross-sectional study.
Article in African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The Accident and Emergency (A&E) unit is a key entry point for healthcare in Nigeria, yet data on its functionality and capacity for emergency care remain limited. This study evaluates the functional capacity of A&E units in Nigeria using a modified Emergency Care Assessment Tool (ECAT). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2020 in seven tertiary hospitals across Nigeria. Six hospitals, one from each of the country's six geopolitical zones, were randomly selected, while the seventh-Nigeria's main trauma center located in the capital-was purposively included. Doctors and nurses routinely working in A&E units were interviewed using a modified Emergency Care Assessment Tool (ECAT), which evaluates the availability of essential medical interventions (signal functions) for managing six common, life-threatening sentinel conditions: Maternal and Child emergencies, Respiratory failure, Trauma, Shock, Altered mental status, and Severe pain. Results: Among 503 healthcare providers surveyed (393 doctors and 110 nurses), significant differences were observed in the performance of signal functions across all six sentinel conditions ( Conclusion: This study reveals a higher-than-expected national average A&E capacity score (2·69 out of 3) in Nigerian tertiary hospitals but highlights ongoing challenges, particularly in managing respiratory emergencies. Notable regional disparities were observed, with the Northern region outperforming others. Findings emphasize the need for objective, on-site evaluations and broader inclusion of facilities, along with targeted, region-specific investments to improve equitable emergency care nationwide.
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