ArticleBMJ open sport & exercise medicine2026
Lower limb injuries and concussions dominate in collegiate women's ice hockey: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: This review aimed to provide a pooled estimate of injury incidence and epidemiology in women's ice hockey. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted by searching PubMed and Scopus in August 2024, including only reports published in English. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, and the PRISMA checklist was used. Observational studies reporting injury incidence in women's ice hockey based on exposure time were included. Reviews, editorials and commentaries were excluded. A random-effects model calculated pooled injury incidences per 1000 athlete exposures (AEs), with separate analyses for games, practices, injury locations and types. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies. Results: Of 510 records screened, 18 reports conducted in North America were included, with six reports contributing to the analysis. These reports reported a total of 3365 injuries and 719 010 AEs, yielding an overall injury incidence of 5.21 injuries per 1000 AEs. Injury rates were higher during games (10.10 per 1000 AEs) compared with practices (3.11 per 1000 AEs). Lower limb injuries were the most frequent (0.57 per 1000 AEs), while concussions or traumatic brain injuries were the most common injury types (0.54 per 1000 AEs). Conclusion: The overall injury incidence in collegiate-level women's ice hockey is considerable, with lower limb injuries being the most common injury location and concussions the most frequent injury type. This review establishes a baseline for injury patterns in women's collegiate ice hockey prior to the potential legalisation of body checking in all levels of women's ice hockey, offering valuable insights for future research and the development of targeted injury prevention strategies. PROSPERO: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024590497.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.