Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41656862›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2026

Evolutionary remodeling of the FXR binding pocket drove functional divergence and ligand discrimination.

Noriko Yamamoto, Nishanti Sudhakar, Sabab Hasan Khan, Arumay Biswas, Eric J Mooney, Yosuke Hoshino, Eric A Gaucher, C Denise Okafor

Abstract read
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Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Noriko YamamotoDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-6314-6982
Nishanti SudhakarDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7124-2280
Sabab Hasan KhanDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5029-2337
Arumay BiswasDepartment of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-3135-1341
Eric J MooneyDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9879-5205
Yosuke HoshinoDepartment of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6335-1815
Eric A GaucherDepartment of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6836-0828
C Denise OkaforDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7374-1561

Funding

NIH HHS DP2-GM149753
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nuclear receptor subfamilies are comprised of members that can have markedly different ligand preferences. The NR1H subfamily contains the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and liver X receptors (LXR), which regulate myriad metabolic processes, often in a coordinated fashion. As sensors for bile acids and oxysterols, respectively, it is not known what ligand(s) activated the precursor of FXR and LXR. We reconstruct the common FXR/LXR vertebrate ancestor and determine that it responds to neither class of ligands for the extant receptors. Using structural and functional analysis, we identify the set of evolutionary substitutions that recapitulate the shift in ligand preference from the FXR/LXR ancestor to the ancestral vertebrate FXR. We show that the substitutions reshaped the ligand binding pocket to drive this functional shift. Subsequent evolutionary mutations altered the secondary structure of FXR to scaffold the binding pocket and support functional specialization.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearAnimalsBinding SitesHumansLigandsLiver X ReceptorsModels, MolecularPhylogenyProtein BindingReceptor, Farnesoid X-ActivatedLigandsLiver X ReceptorsReceptor, Farnesoid X-ActivatedReceptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclearancestral reconstructionfarnesoid X receptorfunctional divergenceligand binding pocket evolutionliver X receptornuclear receptor evolution

Identifiers

PMID41656862
PMCPMC12922443

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.