SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2026
Retinal toxicity induced by intravitreal ganciclovir injection: case series and systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to conduct a systematic review to summarize the rare retinal toxicity associated with intravitreal ganciclovir injections.
methodsA retrospective analysis was performed on patients who received intravitreal ganciclovir injections at our institution (Jan 2021–Dec 2024). Following the PRISMA guidelines, databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched to identify reported cases of retinal toxicity in the literature.
resultsA total of 16 cases (17 eyes) were included, comprising 5 cases (5 eyes) from our institution and 11 cases (12 eyes) from 11 published articles. The average age was 52 years (range, 26–79), with 13 patients (81.3%) being male. Thirteen cases were diagnosed with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, and 3 with acute retinal necrosis (ARN). Based on multimodal imaging, retinal toxicity was classified into three categories: crystalline retinopathy (6 eyes, 35.3%), toxic pigmentary retinopathy (7 eyes, 41.2%), and macular toxicity (8 eyes, 47.1%). Notably, crystalline retinopathy and toxic pigmentary retinopathy often coexisted with macular toxicity. All cases received ≥ 2 mg intravitreal ganciclovir, except one silicone oil-filled eye that received 1 mg. Approximately two-thirds of injections exceeded 4 mg per administration.
conclusionThis study provides an in-depth examination of the clinical features of retinal toxicity induced by intravitreal ganciclovir, systematically detailing its multimodal imaging characteristics and key points for early detection. The findings highlight that while intravitreal ganciclovir is effective in controlling primary disease progression, its potential for retinal toxicity requires careful consideration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.