Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41654548›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Techno-economic optimization, sensitivity analysis and stability evaluation of a high-renewable hybrid microgrid for rural Bangladesh.

Diganto Biswas, Md Feroz Ali, Mimosa Saha, Md Shafiul Alam, Mohammad Ali, Mohammed A AlAqil, Obaidullah Obaidi, Md Kamrul Islam

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Diganto BiswasDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh.
Md Feroz AliDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh. feroz071021@gmail.com.
Mimosa SahaDepartment of Statistics, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh.
Md Shafiul AlamDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia. shafiul@kfu.edu.sa.
Mohammad AliDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, 6600, Bangladesh.
Mohammed A AlAqilDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Obaidullah ObaidiDepartment of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kabul University, Kabul, 1006, Afghanistan. obaidullah.obaidi@ku.edu.af.
Md Kamrul IslamDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

Deanship of Scientific Research, Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia KFU260015
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study develops and evaluates a high-renewable hybrid microgrid for rural Bangladesh. The objective is to design a reliable, affordable, and grid-compliant system that supports residential, institutional, and irrigation loads. The work integrates techno-economic optimization, sensitivity analysis, and voltage-frequency stability assessment within a single framework. HOMER Pro is used to analyze multiple hybrid configurations, while MATLAB evaluates dynamic stability. The proposed contribution lies in modeling realistic field-based load profiles, incorporating converter constraints, and assessing stability across different operating conditions. A PV-wind-biogas-battery microgrid emerges as the optimal option. It achieves 88.2% renewable penetration with a net present cost of USD 206,841 and a levelized cost of energy of USD 0.0207/kWh. Solar PV and wind provide most of the annual energy, while grid support remains limited. Sensitivity analysis shows that solar and converter costs strongly influence project economics. Dynamic simulations confirm secure voltage-frequency performance and compliance with Bangladesh Grid Code limits. The results demonstrate that the proposed system offers a practical pathway for low-cost, reliable, and sustainable electrification in rural communities. The framework can also be adapted to other locations with similar resource and load characteristics.

Indexed as

Hybrid microgridRural electrificationSensitivity analysisTechno-economic optimizationVoltage–frequency stability

Identifiers

PMID41654548
PMCPMC12946290

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.