Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41653960›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)2026

Occurrence of insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides in household drinking and irrigation water in an intensive floriculture region of Ecuador.

M Pfaff, A Zambrano-Romero, G H LeFevre, V Ochoa-Herrera, S Gupta, B N C Chronister, A L Mianecki, N Carpintero-Salvador, H Checkoway, J R Suarez-Lopez and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

M PfaffDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
A Zambrano-RomeroColegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, AQUA-BIO Lab, Universidad de San Francisco, Quito, Ecuador.
G H LeFevreDepartment of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
V Ochoa-HerreraColegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, AQUA-BIO Lab, Universidad de San Francisco, Quito, Ecuador.
S GuptaThe Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
B N C ChronisterDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA; The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
A L MianeckiDepartment of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
N Carpintero-SalvadorColegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, AQUA-BIO Lab, Universidad de San Francisco, Quito, Ecuador.
H CheckowayThe Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
J R Suarez-LopezThe Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
G L KayserThe Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA. Electronic address: gkayser@health.ucsd.edu.

Funding

The ESPINA Study Follow-up Examination in 2016: Environmental Pollutants and Child/Adolescent DevelopmentR01ES025792 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Raeanne Cristine Moore, Jose Ricardo Suarez · 2016 to 2026
$5.6M
The ESPINA Study 19th Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Investigation of Pesticide Exposures in relation to Fertility and Hormonal HealthR01ES030378 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Jose Ricardo Suarez · 2020 to 2026
$4.1M
Pesticide exposures, mental health and endocrine disruption among children growing up near pesticide spray sites.K01ES031697 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KAYSER, GEORGIA L. · 2020 to 2023
$594k
NIEHS NIH HHS K01 ES031697NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES025792NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES030378
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, floriculture specifically, posing significant ecological and health risks. Limited research has been conducted on the presence of neonicotinoid insecticides (NNI) and atrazine, in drinking and irrigation water in agricultural regions of Latin America. This study describes targeted and non-targeted analysis of concentrations of pesticides in drinking and irrigation water sampled in 2022 and 2023 in an industrial floricultural region in Pedro Moncayo, Ecuador. In targeted analysis, we found NNI in treated drinking water in 20.5% of household tap water samples (8 out of 39), in a community well, and in 57.7% of irrigation water samples (n = 15 out of 26). Imidacloprid and thiamethoxam emerged as the most frequently detected NNI in drinking water. Atrazine was detected in two household taps and one well. In exploratory non-targeted analysis, we found 63 compounds, including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, including azoles, in drinking and irrigation water samples. Fungicides accounted for 59% of all compounds (37 out of 63) detected. Intense pesticide use in floriculture in proximity to residential areas and aging piped water systems may allow pesticides to leach into treated drinking water pipes and irrigation water. The presence of a wide range of pesticides, especially NNI and fungicides (azoles, specifically), in drinking and irrigation water poses health risks to community members.

Indexed as

Drinking WaterEnvironmental MonitoringFungicides, IndustrialHerbicidesInsecticidesWater Pollutants, ChemicalAgricultural IrrigationAgricultureEcuadorDrinking WaterFungicides, IndustrialHerbicidesInsecticidesWater Pollutants, ChemicalAgricultureDrinking-waterNeonicotinoidNon-target analysisPesticide

Identifiers

PMID41653960
PMCPMC13003573

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.