Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41653066›Full record

Observational studyCancer2026

Indocyanine green assists with sentinel lymph node mapping in pediatric and adolescent patients: A Pediatric Surgical Oncology Research Collaborative prospective observational study.

Sophia M V Schermerhorn, Emily Vore, Alexander J Bondoc, Timothy B Lautz, Samantha A Ayala, Zachary J Kastenberg, Cameron Arkin, Marcus M Malek, Insiyah Campwala, Jennifer H Aldrink and 25 more

Abstract readObservational StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors.

Sophia M V SchermerhornDepartment of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1151-8152
Emily VoreDepartment of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2348-1903
Alexander J BondocDepartment of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Timothy B LautzDepartment of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Samantha A AyalaDepartment of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Zachary J KastenbergDepartment of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Utah, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-7539
Cameron ArkinDepartment of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Utah, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2435-2268
Marcus M MalekDivision of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8803-8553
Insiyah CampwalaDivision of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Jennifer H AldrinkDepartment of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6547-1220
Kyle Z HorvathDepartment of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4603-2502
Nelson PichéDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Yasmin OsmanDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Erin G BrownDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Children's Hospital, Sacramento, California, USA.
Kathleen DoyleDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Children's Hospital, Sacramento, California, USA.
Paige AbrilDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Children's Hospital, Sacramento, California, USA.
Jonathan P RoachDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Ioannis A ZiogasDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Daniel S RheeDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, California, USA.
Charbel ChidiacDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, California, USA.
Stephanie F PolitesDepartment of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Julia DebertinDepartment of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Brian T CraigDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Dave R LalDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Eugene S KimDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
William G LeeDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1487-6551
Aaron BarkhordarDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6481-246X
Hau D LeDivision of Pediatric Surgery, American Family Children's Hospital, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Devashish JoshiDivision of Pediatric Surgery, American Family Children's Hospital, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1541-9536
Michael StellonDivision of Pediatric Surgery, American Family Children's Hospital, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Elisabeth T TracyDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Catherine BeckhornDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-2104
Dafydd A DaviesDivision of Pediatric Surgery, IWK Healtssh, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Chloé BoehmerDepartment of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Roshni DasguptaDepartment of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4839-4937

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a critical staging tool in skin and soft tissue cancers. Although technetium lymphoscintigraphy is the most common adjunct, indocyanine green (ICG) demonstrates a promising alternative in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult (AYA) skin and soft tissue cancers. METHODS AND

objectivesEvaluate the safety and efficacy of ICG in SLN biopsy (SLNB) in diverse pediatric and AYA solid cancers in a multi-institutional environment. This is a prospective, observational study conducted at 13 member institutions in the Pediatric Surgical Oncology Research Collaborative between 2019 and 2023. Eligible patients underwent SLNB for primary or recurrent solid skin and soft tissue tumors. Peritumoral ICG was administered intraoperatively. Outcomes included SLN detection rates, histopathology of excised specimens, and surgeon-reported assessment of utility. Safety was assessed through adverse event reporting.

resultsForty SLNB procedures yielded 84 specimens: 13 melanoma (32.5%), 12 squamous cell carcinoma (30%), 11 non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (27.5%), two rhabdomyosarcoma (5%), one Ewing sarcoma (2.5%), and one malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (2.5%). Histologic evaluation identified 81 lymph nodes, 75 benign (89.3%) and six malignant (7.1%); three specimens were adipose tissue (3.6%). Of 81 lymph nodes, 76% were ICG-positive. ICG had a sensitivity of 79.5%, a specificity of 33%, and a positive predictive value of 96%. All malignant nodes were ICG-avid. There were no adverse reactions to ICG at 30 days.

conclusionsICG is a safe and effective adjunct for SLNB in pediatric and AYA soft tissue and skin malignancies.

Indexed as

Indocyanine GreenSentinel Lymph NodeSentinel Lymph Node BiopsySkin NeoplasmsSoft Tissue NeoplasmsAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansLymphatic MetastasisMaleProspective StudiesSurgical OncologyYoung AdultIndocyanine Greenfluorescent guided surgeryIndocyanine greenpediatric patientssarcomasentinel lymph node

Identifiers

PMID41653066
PMCPMC12882109

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.