Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41652954›Full record

ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2026

Liquids as Reinforcements for Anisotropic and Tough Soft Matter Composites.

Gwyneth M Schloer, Ohnyoung Hur, Ravi Tutika, Aaron Haake, Eric J Markvicka, Michael D Bartlett

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Gwyneth M SchloerMechanical Engineering, Soft Materials and Structures Lab, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Ohnyoung HurMechanical Engineering, Soft Materials and Structures Lab, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8958-4932
Ravi TutikaMechanical Engineering, Soft Materials and Structures Lab, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-459X
Aaron HaakeMechanical & Materials Engineering, Smart Materials & Robotics Lab, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
Eric J MarkvickaMechanical & Materials Engineering, Smart Materials & Robotics Lab, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5463-1567
Michael D BartlettMechanical Engineering, Soft Materials and Structures Lab, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7391-5135

Funding

NSF 2054409NSF 2054411ONR N000142412504
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biological tissues and engineered composites achieve exceptional mechanical properties through microstructures that create stiffness and toughness in preferred directions. While composites traditionally leverage solid reinforcements to drive this anisotropy, directional mechanics in all-soft matter composites remain a longstanding challenge, despite their importance for soft devices that stretch and adapt under load. Here, we create all-soft matter composites where liquid inclusions direct and enable anisotropic and heterogeneous mechanical properties. By shaping and orienting liquid metal droplets within elastomers, we program directional stiffness, enhance toughness beyond 36,000 J m

Indexed as

all‐soft compositecrack steeringliquid metalmechanical anisotropy

Identifiers

PMID41652954
PMCPMC13261386

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.