Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41652667›Full record

ArticleThe International journal of eating disorders2026

Multivariate Trajectories of Eating Disorder Symptoms and Weight Status in 10- to 17-Year-Old Children and Adolescents.

Anja Hilbert, Danielle Schewe, Andreas Hiemisch, Antje Körner, Wieland Kiess, Ricarda Schmidt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The International journal of eating disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anja HilbertIntegrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2775-1296
Danielle ScheweIntegrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7237-1945
Andreas HiemischLIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6851-1307
Antje KörnerGerman Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), partner site Leipzig/Dresden, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6001-0356
Wieland KiessGerman Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), partner site Leipzig/Dresden, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4118-9455
Ricarda SchmidtIntegrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7794-2897

Funding

European Regional Development FundEuropean Social FundEuropean UnionFreistaat SachsenLeipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE)Leipzig University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveEating disorders (EDs) often emerge in adolescence, but developmental trajectories across different core features remain largely unclear.

methodThe prospective, community-based study included N = 898 participants aged 9.5-17.5 years (47.6% female, age 11.8 ± 1.4 years) with annual follow-up over 2-6 (3.4 ± 1.2) years. Multivariate trajectories of binge eating, restraint, weight-compensatory behaviors (Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire for Children), and body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) derived from objective anthropometrics were analyzed using group-based multi-trajectory modeling (GBMTM) separately for girls and boys. ED and general psychopathology were used for validation and outcome comparisons.

resultsGBMTM identified five distinct trajectories of ED symptoms and BMI-SDS in girls and six in boys. Low-symptom trajectories at lower, normal, and higher BMI-SDS were most common and showed only mild, transient ED symptoms. In boys, trajectories were largely characterized by stable ED symptoms at different BMI-SDS levels, whereas in girls, ED symptoms showed more pronounced change over time. In both sexes, two high-risk subgroups reflected bulimic and binge-eating patterns and followed trajectories with elevated or increasing ED symptoms across ages, which in girls were particularly associated with increased ED and general psychopathology at last assessment. DISCUSSION: GBMTM results support the developmental specificity of bulimic/binge-eating syndromes and noneating-disordered overweight across adolescence. High-risk subgroups in both sexes-and their particularly unfavorable outcomes in girls-underscore the need for sex-specific early identification strategies that consider longitudinal constellations of multiple ED symptoms and weight status rather than single indicators.

Indexed as

Body WeightFeeding and Eating DisordersAdolescentBody Mass IndexChildFemaleHumansMaleProspective Studiesbinge eatingbody mass indexcompensatory behaviordevelopmenteating disorderlatent structure analysisobesityrestrainttrajectory

Identifiers

PMID41652667
PMCPMC13147146

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.