Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41652300›Full record

ArticleScandinavian journal of caring sciences2026

Multidimensional Factors Are Related to Caregiver Burden: Findings From a National Experience Sampling Survey.

Samantha B Randolph, SangJin Lee, Stephen Lau, Jessica Kersey, Lisa Tabor Connor

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of caring sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Samantha B RandolphDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6265-8698
SangJin LeeProgram in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3539-9378
Stephen LauDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8039-8471
Jessica KerseyProgram in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9082-6962
Lisa Tabor ConnorProgram in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-8328

Funding

U19 MIDlife in the United States-Diversity Supplement-WellsU19AG051426 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI CHRISTOPHER L COE · 2016 to 2026
$74.8M
STATISTICS COREP01AG020166 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI RYFF, CAROL D. · 2002 to 2015
$50.6M
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation P01-AG020166NIA NIH HHS P01 AG020166NIA NIH HHS U19 AG051426NIA NIH HHS U19-AG051426
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePaid and informal caregivers experience negative well-being outcomes. The present study aimed to: (1) examine the fluctuation of caregivers' emotions and daily physical health concerns, (2) identify factors associated with everyday fluctuations in positive emotions, negative emotions and daily health concerns to inform future supports. MATERIALS AND

methodsResearchers conducted a secondary analysis of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Daily Diary dataset. Baseline and intensive longitudinal factors of 392 adults performing caregiving activities were included in the analysis. Guided by the Multidimensional Model of Caregiving, researchers built multilevel models to examine factors that relate to the daily emotional and physical health of caregivers.

resultsEmotions and health concerns fluctuated throughout the study period. Model fit varied, with the negative emotions and daily health models demonstrating stronger performance than the positive emotions model. Negative emotions were related to income, hours spent caregiving, self-esteem and emotional support. Positive emotions were related to income, caregiver stressors and self-esteem. Caregiver daily health concerns were related to marital status, self-esteem, leisure activities and emotional support.

conclusionsCaregiver well-being is associated with individual, socioemotional and environmental factors. Support groups and cognitive behavioural interventions may mitigate the impact of caregiver stressors on well-being.

Indexed as

CaregiversAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited Statescaregiversdaily diaryexperience samplingmultidimensional modelmultilevel modelling

Identifiers

PMID41652300
PMCPMC12880964

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.