ArticleOdontology2026
Discoloration, radiopacity, and push-out bond strength of bismuth-based radiopacifiers in endodontic sealers.
Article in Odontology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aim This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of nanostructured bismuth oxychloride (nano-BiOCl) in endodontic sealers with respect to radiopacity, color stability, and push- out bond strength under thermocycling conditions. Materials and Methods In this in vitro study, the disk-shaped Elastomeric Polyurethane Sealers (EPS) without radiopacifiers sealer served as the control group, whereas EPS with 20% bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃), with 20% bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl), with 20% nano-BiOCl, and AH26 were designated as the test groups. The specimens were thermocycled to evaluate both short and long-term changes. Discoloration of all photographs was analyzed using ImageJ software. The ΔE values for discoloration were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. Results: The discoloration levels of sealers containing nano-BiOCl and BiOCl showed significantly lower compared to Bi₂O₃ and AH26 samples (P < 0.05). However, the discoloration of the BiOCl samples was greater than that of the nano-BiOCl samples. Sealers containing nano-BiOCl exhibited significantly higher radiopacity than the other sealers (P < 0.05). The PBS for nano-BiOCl and BiOCl were significantly higher than those of Bi₂O₃ and AH26, despite no significant difference between the Bi₂O₃ and AH26. EPS without radiopacifier exhibited significantly lower radiopacity compared to all test groups, while its push-out bond strength (PBS) was comparable to sealers containing BiOCl and nano-BiOCl. Its discoloration after 100 cycles was higher than nano-BiOCl but not significantly different from BiOCl, Bi₂O₃, or AH26. Conclusion Nano-BiOCl can be an appropriate alternative choice for Bi₂O₃ in endodontic sealers, as it demonstrated lower discoloration, higher radiopacity, and greater PBS.
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