Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41650975›Full record

ReviewCell genomics2026

Universal paralogs provide a window into evolution before the last universal common ancestor.

Aaron D Goldman, Gregory P Fournier, Betül Kaçar

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cell genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Aaron D GoldmanDepartment of Biology, Oberlin College and Conservatory, Oberlin, OH, USA; Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: agoldman@oberlin.edu.
Gregory P FournierDepartment of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address: g4nier@mit.edu.
Betül KaçarDepartment of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address: bkacar@wisc.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The study of early evolutionary history provides an account of how the foundational features of life as we know it first emerged. Phylogenetic analysis is a powerful method in the study of early evolution because it uses molecular evidence that has been inherited from the ancient organisms themselves. Here, we describe an important yet understudied type of protein family, universal paralogs, that retain phylogenetic signals from evolutionary events predating the last universal common ancestor of life, offering a unique window into early evolution. We survey recent advances in the study of universal paralogs and discuss how emerging computational tools enhance our ability to use these protein families to describe the very earliest stages of evolution with increasing detail and accuracy. Such research will greatly improve our understanding of how life emerged and subsequently evolved on the ancient Earth.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularProteinsAnimalsGene DuplicationHumansPhylogenyProteinsanciently duplicated genesearly evolutiongene duplicationlast universal common ancestorLUCAparalogy

Identifiers

PMID41650975
PMCPMC12985370

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.