Observational studyAesthetic surgery journal2026
Tissue-Preserving Inframammary Fold Breast Augmentation: A 3-Year Clinical Experience.
Observational study in Aesthetic surgery journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Modified Pre-implantation Internal Fixation Suture Technique for Inframammary Fold Reconstruction in Implant-Based Breast Augmentation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Minimally Invasive, Tissue-Preserving Breast Augmentation: Insights From a Large Case Series, Technique and Surgical Pearls.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2026Article
- Retrospective Validation of a Tissue-Preserving Breast Augmentation Approach: From Native Tissue Geometry to Surgical Practice.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2026Article
- From Bench to Bedside: Clinical Implications of a 4-Micron Surface-Modulated Immune Response in the Era of Breast Tissue Preservation.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2026Review
- Tissue Preservation in Primary Breast Augmentation: From Founding Concepts to Early Evidence.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreast surgery often compromises structures, potentially leading to complications that affect aesthetic outcomes, lactation, breast tissue health, and the patient experience. Tissue-Preserving Breast Augmentation (TPBA) is a novel concept designed to enhance breast and implant stability by preserving the breast's stabilization system, including the circummammary ligament and Cooper's suspensory ligaments.
objectivesThis study presents the TPBA approach, performed in a minimally invasive manner to minimize surgical stimuli and protect the parenchymal breast tissue, along with outcomes observed over a 3-year period.
methodsThis 2-center, multi-surgeon retrospective observational study included consecutive female patients undergoing primary breast augmentation or primary augmentation-mastopexy using TPBA between December 2022 and June 2025. All procedures involved an inframammary incision and creation of a prepectoral pocket through balloon expansion. Complications were assessed by monitoring cumulative incidence during follow-up visits at 2 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months.
resultsA total of 330 procedures were performed. At a mean follow-up of 18 months, the complication rate was 0.9%. No cases of acute complications, including seroma, wound breakdown, or infection, were observed. Follow-up evaluations revealed no capsular contracture (Grades III and IV), implant rupture, lateralization, or inferior malposition. Superior malposition occurred in 2 patients (0.6%), and bleeding was observed in 1 patient (0.3%). Implant rippling was reported by 3 patients (0.9%).
conclusionsTPBA offers a standardized, reproducible approach to breast enhancement through the inframammary fold, performed under general or local anesthesia. It preserves stabilization structures, features a short learning curve, and carries a low risk of complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 (THERAPEUTIC): For image description, please refer to the figure legend and surrounding text.
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