ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2026
11-oxygenated androgens in healthy young adults: Does use of hormonal contraceptives matter? The Fit Futures Study.
Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeIncreasing evidence suggests a role of 11-oxygenated adrenal androgens (11-OxyA) (11-ketotestosterone, 11KT; 11β-hydroxytestosterone, 11OHT; 11-ketoandrostenedione, 11KA4; 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione, 11OHA4) in several hyperandrogenic disorders. This study aimed to describe distributions of 11-OxyA in a healthy young adult population and explore the relation between hormonal contraceptives and 11-OxyA.
methodsThis study utilized cross-sectional data from the third Fit Futures Study conducted in Norway. 11-OxyA in fasting blood samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry technique (LC-MS/MS). Contraceptive use was registered and categorized as combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) or gestagen-only contraceptives. Descriptive statistics were used to report 11-OxyA distributions. Independent t-tests and ANOVA were used to compare biomarker concentrations between groups.
resultsThe study included 289 males and 337 females with median age of 27 years. Males had 9-30% higher 11-OxyA concentrations than females (all p's < 0.01). Among the females, 25.5% used CHC, 36.7% used gestagen-only contraceptives, and 37.8% used non-hormonal contraceptives or no contraceptives. As concentrations of 11-OxyA in gestagen-only contraceptives users were similar to non-users, these groups were combined. CHC users had 25-29% lower concentrations of 11KT, 11OHT, and 11KA4 than non-CHC users (all p's < 0.001). After exclusion of CHC users, sex differences attenuated and was no longer significant for 11KT.
conclusionFemales had lower concentrations of 11-OxyA than males, partly explained by use of CHC, as users had significantly lower concentrations of 11-OxyA than non-CHC users, except 11OHA4. These findings suggest an additional mechanism for CHC in treatment of hyperandrogenic conditions, in which 11-OxyA are elevated.
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